Separate the costs
Variable costs change with each item or service delivered. Fixed costs do not change directly with each unit in the model’s range. Label estimates and record the date of any quote.
List fixed and variable costs for your offer.
A useful idea still needs a realistic plan for paying for materials, work and maintenance.
Build a simple financial model for your project. Compare prices and costs, calculate break-even and test what happens when one assumption changes.
Variable costs change with each item or service delivered. Fixed costs do not change directly with each unit in the model’s range. Label estimates and record the date of any quote.
List fixed and variable costs for your offer.
Contribution per unit equals selling price minus variable cost. For a fictional item priced at KES 250 with KES 150 variable cost, contribution is KES 100. KES 3,000 fixed costs require 30 units to break even.
Calculate contribution and break-even for your own assumptions.
Cash may leave before revenue arrives. A profitable-looking plan can still run out of cash. Test lower sales, higher costs and a different price before making a commitment.
Create three scenarios and recommend proceed, revise or stop.
KES 250 price minus KES 150 unit cost gives KES 100 contribution. KES 3,000 fixed costs require 30 units. Add KES 20 delivery/transaction cost: contribution becomes KES 80 and break-even is 37.5, rounded up to 38 whole units. Sales are not the same as cash received.
Write your own answer before opening the explanation. Then improve one sentence using what you learned.
There is no positive unit contribution to cover fixed costs in this model. Selling more does not fix it. Revise price, costs or the offer, and examine cash timing before any commitment.
Build a fictional weekly cash table. Identify urgency, advance fees and requests for a PIN in a fictional offer. No real purchases, borrowing or transfers are required.
Recognise suspicious offers, credential requests and advance-fee scams. Use fictional examples in class.
An educator reference for turning ideas into social, cultural and financial value.
The Strategist prices a fictional kit at KES 300, with KES 180 variable cost and KES 2,500 fixed costs. How many whole kits break even?
Scratch space: not saved. Copy useful reasoning into your private workbook.
Choose a fictional club service, a water-data investigation, or an accessible information tool as your capstone. Keep the same problem brief through your budget, prototype, tests, revision and final defence. The crew exercises teach a method; apply that method to your chosen project and explain any adaptation. Simulation is a complete route.
45–60 minutes · Paper or browser · No purchase required
“Thirty sales at KES 250 should cover our KES 3,000 setup.”
“Materials cost KES 150 and delivery KES 20 per unit. Let’s include both.”
Write a prediction before you reveal the worked reasoning.
Fictional prices: selling price KES 250/unit, materials KES 150/unit, delivery KES 20/unit, fixed cost KES 3,000. Compare 30 and 38 sales. Assume all units made are sold for this first model.
List fixed and per-unit costs, then compute contribution per unit = price − materials − delivery. Keep units and assumptions visible.
Use the budget lab. Calculate revenue, total cost and surplus for 30 and 38 units. Find the first whole-unit break-even volume; test the unit just below it.
Create a two-row timeline: costs paid before sales, then cash received. Explain how a project can eventually break even but still need cash upfront. Add one plausible cost you initially missed.
Predict a result first. Change an input, compare the output and explain why it changed. These fictional models are learning aids.
Contribution/unit: KES 80.00 Revenue: KES 7500.00 Total cost: KES 8100.00 Surplus / loss: KES -600.00 Break-even: 38 units (check contribution and assumptions)
Tool inputs reset when you leave. Download results or record them in your private mission workbook.
Contribution is KES 80. At 30 sales the result is 30×80−3,000=−KES 600. At 38 it is KES 40. Break-even is ceiling(3,000/80)=38 units. If contribution is zero or negative and fixed costs are positive, selling more cannot cover those costs under this model.
Finding the answer is not evidence of mastery. Explain it, test a changed input and record your own work.
Only 80% of produced units sell. Rebuild the model: production costs apply to all units made, revenue only to those sold.
Price | Materials | Delivery | Fixed cost | Units sold Revenue | Total cost | Surplus Break-even and assumptions: Cash before sales | Cash after sales Sensitivity test:
Choose a twist. Use paper, a sketch or a conversation.
Optional practice. Copy useful observations into your workbook; choosing a twist does not record completion.
Compare ideas with someone you know. Sharing is optional.
Work through Can the club cover its costs? with a focused prompt. Your notes stay private unless you choose to paste an excerpt here.
Use fictional examples. Leave out names, contact details, passwords and private records.
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